Anticoagulation With an Inhibitor of Factors XIa and XIIa During Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

Background: Exposure of blood to polyanionic artificial surfaces, for example, during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), induces a highly procoagulant condition requiring strong anticoagulation. Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is currently used during CPB but can lead to serious bleeding complications or development of a hypercoagulable state culminating in life-threatening thrombosis, highlighting the need for safer antithrombotics. Ixodes ricinus contact phase inhibitor (Ir-CPI) is a protein expressed by I.

Advantageous safety profile of a dual selective alpha(2C) agonist/alpha(2A) antagonist antinociceptive agent.

A selective α2C -adrenoceptor (AR) agonist was developed for the treatment of neuropathic pain. The objective was to dissociate analgesic activity from cardiovascular and sedative side effects commonly observed with nonselective agents. A 2-amino-oxazoline derivative (compound A), identified as a dual α2C -AR agonist/α2A -AR antagonist in in vitro-binding assays, exhibited in vivo efficacy in rodent pain models.

Inhibitory effects of sigma-1 ligands on handling-induced tachycardia in conscious tethered rats.

We used conscious tethered Sprague-Dawley rats to evaluate the cardiovascular effects of four sigma-1 (σ1 ) agonists and five antagonists, given alone or in combination. All drugs were administered as a single intraperitoneal dose. The agonists were given at doses reported as efficacious in rodent cognition models, while the antagonists were administered at doses neutralizing agonist effects in vivo.

Repeated assessment of cardiovascular and respiratory functions using combined telemetry and whole-body plethysmography in the rat.

Introduction: As the currently recommended laboratory techniques for assessing cardiovascular and respiratory functions are telemetry and plethysmography, we therefore combined both in a single rodent model. The purpose of the present work was to assess the potential influence of body growth on the recorded parameters, to verify the sensitivity of the system to detect well known pharmacological effects of reference drugs, and to determine their reproducibility over time.

Methods: Telemetry instrumented rats were enrolled in successive experiments over a total of 5 months.