Influence of perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection on mortality in orthopaedic inpatients with surgically treated traumatic fractures.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 has had an extensive influence on orthopaedic surgery practice and has been associated with an increased risk of mortality. There is limited evidence of how this pertains to acute orthopaedic surgery with inpatient care.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study on traumatic fracture patients requiring inpatient care between February 25, 2020 and March 25, 2021 was conducted.

Differential effects on blood and cerebrospinal fluid immune protein markers and kynurenine pathway metabolites from aerobic physical exercise in healthy subjects.

Mounting evidence shows that physical exercise modulates systemic inflammation. However, its effect on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) immune-marker profiles in man are largely unknown. We here report a study on healthy subjects (n = 27, males = 12, mean age 28.

Comparative effectiveness of dimethyl fumarate as the initial and secondary treatment for MS.

Background: Population-based real-world evidence studies of the effectiveness and tolerability of dimethyl fumarate in relation to common treatment alternatives are still limited.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness and tolerability of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) as the initial and secondary treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients compared with common treatment alternatives in Sweden.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide retrospective observational cohort study of all RRMS patients identified through the Swedish MS registry initiating DMF ( = 641) or interferons/glatiramer acetate (IFN/GA;  = 555) as the initial therapy, or DMF ( = 703) or fingolimod (FGL;  = 194) after switch from IFN/GA between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2016.

Therapeutic efficacy of dimethyl fumarate in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis associates with ROS pathway in monocytes.

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a first-line-treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The redox master regulator Nrf2, essential for redox balance, is a target of DMF, but its precise therapeutic mechanisms of action remain elusive. Here we show impact of DMF on circulating monocytes and T cells in a prospective longitudinal RRMS patient cohort.