Trends in pediatric epilepsy surgery in Europe between 2008 and 2015: Country-, center-, and age-specific variation.

Objective: To profile European trends in pediatric epilepsy surgery (<16 years of age) between 2008 and 2015.

Methods: We collected information on volumes and types of surgery, pathology, and seizure outcome from 20 recognized epilepsy surgery reference centers in 10 European countries.

Results: We analyzed retrospective aggregate data on 1859 operations.

Control of cortical oscillatory frequency by a closed-loop system.

Background: We present a closed-loop system able to control the frequency of slow oscillations (SO) spontaneously generated by the cortical network in vitro. The frequency of SO can be controlled by direct current (DC) electric fields within a certain range. Here we set out to design a system that would be able to autonomously bring the emergent oscillatory activity to a target frequency determined by the experimenter.

CD34 Expression in Low-Grade Epilepsy-Associated Tumors: Relationships with Clinicopathologic Features.

Objective: To analyze relationships between CD34 expression and several demographic, clinical, and pathologic features in patients with histopathologic evidence of low-grade epilepsy-associated tumors who underwent epilepsy surgery.

Methods: A retrospective study enrolling 187 patients with low-grade epilepsy-associated tumors who underwent surgery between January 2009 and June 2015 at 8 Italian epilepsy surgery centers was conducted. All cases were histologically diagnosed according to the World Health Organization classification of central nervous system tumors.