Molecular phenotyping of circulating tumour cells in patients with prostate cancer: prediction of distant metastases.

Unlabelled: What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? The role of circulating cancer cells in metastogenesis is generally accepted. Two forms of these cells have been reported in a number of studies, cancer cell clusters (CCCs) and individual epithelial cancer cells. Clusters appear at higher frequencies in the blood.

Clinical utility of antioxidant gene expression levels in circulating cancer cell clusters for the detection of prostate cancer in patients with prostate-specific antigen levels of 4-10 ng/mL and disease prognostication after radical prostatectomy.

Objectives: To test antioxidant genes (AOX) expression in circulating cancer cell clusters (CCC). A novel method using molecular, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based detection of CCC was applied for predicting prostate cancer and to assess the effect of radical prostatectomy (RP) on reducing CCC and for prognostication of relapse-free survival (RFS), as serum total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) has limited specificity at 4-10 ng/mL.

Patients And Methods: In all, 240 patients were enrolled in the study, 129 for tumour diagnosis and 111 after RP for disease prognostication.

[Laser microdissection and molecular typing of dysplastic cells from Pap smears: a new approach to early detection of cervical cancer].

The Papanicolaou smear (Pap) is a worldwide screening tool for early detection of cervical cancer and its precursor lesions. The transition from dysplasia to cancer is a highly complex genetic process and cannot be predicted based solely on cell morphology. Molecular characterization of precursor lesions could yield a better definition of lesions at high risk for progression.