Case report: Persistent hypogammaglobulinemia and mixed chimerism after HLA class-II disparate-hematopoietic stem cell transplant.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a curative treatment for various hematological, immunological and metabolic diseases, replacing the patient's hematopoietic system with donor-derived healthy hematopoietic stem cells. HSCT can be complicated by early and late events related to impaired immunological recovery such as prolonged hypogammaglobulinemia post-HSCT. We present a 16-year-old female patient with sickle-cell disease who underwent HSCT with stem cells from a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class-II mismatched family donor.

The presence of attentional and interpretation biases in patients with severe MS-related fatigue.

Objective: Severe fatigue is a prevalent and disabling symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS). This study tested if a fatigue- and physical activity-related attentional bias (AB) and a somatic interpretation bias (IB) are present in severely fatigued patients with MS. Biases were compared to healthy controls and patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS).

Effectiveness of a blended booster programme for the long-term outcome of cognitive behavioural therapy for MS-related fatigue: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) reduces MS-related fatigue. However, studies on the long-term effects show inconsistent findings.

Objective: To evaluate whether a blended booster programme improves the outcome of CBT for MS-related fatigue on fatigue severity at 1-year follow-up.

Blended versus face-to-face cognitive behavioural therapy for severe fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis: A non-inferiority RCT.

Background: Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) reduces multiple sclerosis (MS)-related fatigue. Implementation of face-to-face CBT is hindered by limited treatment capacity and traveling distances to treatment locations.

Objective: Evaluate whether blended CBT (online treatment modules supported with guidance by a therapist) is non-inferior to face-to-face CBT in reducing fatigue severity in severely fatigued patients with MS.

IL-7 receptor signaling drives human B-cell progenitor differentiation and expansion.

Although absence of interleukin-7 (IL-7) signaling completely abrogates T and B lymphopoiesis in mice, patients with severe combined immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the IL-7 receptor α chain (IL-7Rα) still generate peripheral blood B cells. Consequently, human B lymphopoiesis has been thought to be independent of IL-7 signaling. Using flow cytometric analysis and single-cell RNA sequencing of bone marrow samples from healthy controls and patients who are IL-7Rα deficient, in combination with in vitro modeling of human B-cell differentiation, we demonstrate that IL-7R signaling plays a crucial role in human B lymphopoiesis.