Common Information Components Analysis.

Wyner's common information is a measure that quantifies and assesses the commonality between two random variables. Based on this, we introduce a novel two-step procedure to construct features from data, referred to as Common Information Components Analysis (CICA). The first step can be interpreted as an extraction of Wyner's common information.

The effect of perazine on the CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 phenotypes as measured by the dextromethorphan and mephenytoin tests in psychiatric patients.

There is evidence that the antipsychotic drug perazine is an inhibitor of CYP2D6. This study aimed at evaluating its effect on CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 activities in submitting psychiatric patients to phenotyping with dextromethorphan and mephenytoin, respectively, substrates of these enzymes, before and during a treatment with perazine. A total of 31 patients were phenotyped with dextromethorphan (CYP2D6) and mephenytoin (CYP2C19) before and after a 2-week treatment with 450 ± 51 mg/day (mean ± sd) perazine.

Quantifying high-order interdependencies via multivariate extensions of the mutual information.

This paper introduces a model-agnostic approach to study statistical synergy, a form of emergence in which patterns at large scales are not traceable from lower scales. Our framework leverages various multivariate extensions of Shannon's mutual information, and introduces the O-information as a metric that is capable of characterizing synergy- and redundancy-dominated systems. The O-information is a symmetric quantity, and can assess intrinsic properties of a system without dividing its parts into "predictors" and "targets.

What happens with schizophrenia patients after their discharge from hospital? Results on outcome and treatment from a "real-world" 2-year follow-up trial.

Aim of the study was to examine the course of schizophrenia patients within 2 years after discharge. Within a multicenter study of the German Competence Network on Schizophrenia, patients suffering from a schizophrenia spectrum disorder were examined regarding their psychopathological improvement, tolerability, and the treatment regime applied during hospitalization and a 2-year follow-up period. Response, remission, the level of everyday functioning, and relapse were furthermore evaluated during the follow-up period using established definitions for these outcome domains.

Remission in schizophrenia - What are we measuring? Comparing the consensus remission criteria to a CGI-based definition of remission and to remission in major depression.

Background: Despite being recommended for use in clinical trials, the consensus remission criteria were found to leave patients with persisting symptoms, relevant areas of functional impairment and a decreased sense of wellbeing. Therefore, to evaluate the appropriateness of the schizophrenia consensus criteria, a definition of remission based on the Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI) was developed and remitter subgroups were compared.

Methods: 239 patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder were evaluated regarding their remission status after inpatient treatment.