Developing an ethical framework for the recruitment of people who inject drugs experiencing incarceration in HIV prevention research: a qualitative study.

Background: HIV disproportionately impacts people who experience incarceration. Incarceration represents an opportunity to engage in HIV prevention care for individuals who often experience a number of barriers accessing health services in the community. The development of evidence-based practices promoting pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention (PrEP) is crucial for ending the HIV epidemic within this highly marginalized population.

Comparative Outcomes and Toxicity in Patients With Esophageal Cancer After Trimodality Therapy With Step-and-Shoot Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy Versus Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy: The MD Anderson Experience.

Aims: To evaluate outcomes and toxicity after intensity-modulated radiation therapy given as step-and-shoot (SS) or volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer treated with trimodality therapy (i.e. neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation therapy followed by surgery).

Selective or routine face mask application for breathing support of preterm infants at birth: a randomised trial.

Background: Most preterm infants breathe spontaneously at birth. Despite this, the majority have a face mask immediately applied for breathing support. Face mask application may inhibit spontaneous breathing in newborn infants.

Association of Same-day Antiplatelet Loading and Outcomes after TransCarotid Artery Revascularization.

Objective: Prior studies have emphasized the importance of compliance with preoperative dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients undergoing TransCarotid artery revascularization (TCAR). This investigation examines differences in perioperative outcomes following TCAR in those receiving loading dose of antiplatelet medications on the day of the procedure versus those already maintained on DAPT.

Methods: Consecutive TCAR procedures from the Vascular Quality Initiative (2016-2022) were identified.

Social Determinants of Health in Cerebral Palsy.

: To describe social and psychological needs, such as poverty, early trauma, or adverse childhood events, of caregivers with a child newly diagnosed with cerebral palsy (CP) or receiving a designation of high-risk for cerebral palsy (HRCP). : Caregiver self-report questionnaires screening for unmet social needs, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), depression symptoms, and trauma were collected from 97 caregivers of children with CP/HRCP seen in a high-risk infant follow-up clinic (adjusted age range 1-24 months). We compared their responses to those of 97 caregivers of age-matched controls seen in the same clinic with similar risk factors over the equivalent time period.