[Discovery of the neutrophil extracellular traps begins a new stage in the study of neutrophil morphogenesis and function].

The purpose of the present review was to analyze the accumulating evidence regarding recently discovered novel defense mechanism of neutrophils - capacity to form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Contact with pathogenic microbes and/or exposure to proinflammatory cytokines trigger the respiratory burst in the neutrophils with a subsequent initiation of a cell death (NETosis) which differs from apoptosis and necrosis. NETs are formed by the fibrils of decondensed chromatin (DNA/ histones), released from the neutrophil, which is closely associated with the antimicrobial proteins of cytoplasmic granules.

[Using stromal stem cells for the periodontal tissue regeneration and their interaction with tissue microenvironment].

This review paper describes the evolution of the ideas of periodontal tissue regeneration, starting with the concept of selective cellular repopulation, stimulation of resident precursor cells in the regeneration focus, up to the application of versatile potential of the stromal stem cells (SSC). Effects of stem cells isolated from an embryo, bone marrow, and adipose tissue, are described, as well as the immunophenotype of freshly isolated SSC, that of precultured vascular cell fraction as compared with the immunophenotype of SSC cultured during various time periods. The results of the study of the processes of proliferation and cell differentiation of SSC transplanted into the deep periodontal defects, are analyzed using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and green fluorescent protein.