Leukocytosis and hypercalcemia: a rare combination of paraneoplastic features in squamous cell penile cancer.

Penile cancer is very rare in North America and Europe, as compared with the rest of the world. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounts for more than 95% of the cancer type. Paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS), a clinical syndrome of nonmetastatic systemic effects that occurs in patients with malignant disease, is often associated with SCC.

Estimating prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in a population of African Americans with diabetes mellitus.

The pathogenesis, treatment, and outcomes of type 1 and type 2 diabetes differ. Current surveys derive population-based estimates of diabetes prevalence by type using limited clinical information and applying classification rules developed in white populations. How well these rules perform when deriving similar estimates in African American populations is unknown.

Diabetes in urban African Americans. III. Management of type II diabetes in a municipal hospital setting.

Objective: Management of type II diabetes is difficult, particularly in urban populations with limited resources and access to care. To evaluate the effectiveness of structured care delivered by non-physician providers, patients were studied prospectively for 6 months in a municipal hospital diabetes clinic.

Design And Methods: The population was approximately 90% African American and had median known diabetes duration of approximately 1 year, 54% had incomes below the Federal Poverty Guideline.