Heart rate variability biofeedback in a global study of the most common coherence frequencies and the impact of emotional states.

This global study analyzed data from the largest dataset ever studied in the Heart Rate Variability (HRV) biofeedback field, comprising 1.8 million user sessions collected from users of a mobile app during 2019 and 2020. We focused on HRV Coherence, which is linked to improved emotional stability and cognitive function.

Host-microbe multiomic profiling identifies distinct COVID-19 immune dysregulation in solid organ transplant recipients.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses significant risks for solid organ transplant recipients, who have atypical but poorly characterized immune responses to infection. We aim to understand the host immunologic and microbial features of COVID-19 in transplant recipients by leveraging a prospective multicenter cohort of 86 transplant recipients age- and sex-matched with 172 non-transplant controls. We find that transplant recipients have higher nasal SARS-CoV-2 viral abundance and impaired viral clearance, and lower anti-spike IgG levels.

BETA CELL DYSFUNCTION OCCURS INDEPENDENTLY OF INSULITIS IN TYPE 1 DIABETES PATHOGENESIS.

During type 1 diabetes (T1D) progression, beta cells become dysfunctional and exhibit reduced first-phase insulin release. While this period of beta cell dysfunction is well established, its cause and underlying mechanism remain unknown. To address this knowledge gap, live human pancreas tissue slices were prepared from autoantibody-negative organ donors without diabetes (ND), donors positive for one or more islet autoantibodies (AAb+), and donors with T1D within 0-4 years of diagnosis (T1D+).

Mapping histological and functional maturation of human endocrine pancreas across early postnatal periods.

Human endocrine cell differentiation and islet morphogenesis play critical roles in determining islet cell mass and function, but the events and timeline of these processes are incompletely defined. To better understand early human islet cell development and maturation, we collected 115 pediatric pancreata and mapped morphological and spatiotemporal changes from birth through the first ten years of life. Using quantitative analyses and a combination of complementary tissue imaging approaches, including confocal microscopy and whole-slide imaging, we developed an integrated model for endocrine cell formation and islet architecture, including endocrine cell type heterogeneity and abundance, endocrine cell proliferation, and islet vascularization and innervation.