Tropical forests in the Americas are changing too slowly to track climate change.

Understanding the capacity of forests to adapt to climate change is of pivotal importance for conservation science, yet this is still widely unknown. This knowledge gap is particularly acute in high-biodiversity tropical forests. Here, we examined how tropical forests of the Americas have shifted community trait composition in recent decades as a response to changes in climate.

Enhanced immune responses are accompanied by increased MAGEA expression in osteosarcoma metastases.

Objective: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone sarcoma. About 50% of patients develop metastatic disease and their 5-year survival lingers at around 20%-30%. T cell checkpoint blockade immunotherapies have revolutionised cancer treatment in the last decade, but their impact remains limited in osteosarcoma.

Functional composition of the Amazonian tree flora and forests.

Plants cope with the environment by displaying large phenotypic variation. Two spectra of global plant form and function have been identified: a size spectrum from small to tall species with increasing stem tissue density, leaf size, and seed mass; a leaf economics spectrum reflecting slow to fast returns on investments in leaf nutrients and carbon. When species assemble to communities it is assumed that these spectra are filtered by the environment to produce community level functional composition.

Handling of missing component information for common composite score outcomes used in axial spondyloarthritis research when complete-case analysis is unbiased.

Background: Observational data on composite scores often comes with missing component information. When a complete-case (CC) analysis of composite scores is unbiased, preferable approaches of dealing with missing component information should also be unbiased and provide a more precise estimate. We assessed the performance of several methods compared to CC analysis in estimating the means of common composite scores used in axial spondyloarthritis research.

Periprosthetic Joint Infection Surrounding Lower-Extremity Endoprostheses After Tumor Resection: Causative Microorganisms, Effectiveness of DAIR, and Risk Factors for Treatment Failure.

Background: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) surrounding an endoprosthesis after reconstruction of a lower extremity following tumor resection is a common complication, and the treatment of these infections is challenging and often requires multiple surgical interventions or even implant removal. Because there has been limited evidence to support treatment strategies and understanding of the epidemiology of the causative microorganisms, we analyzed the effectiveness of debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR), risk factors for the failure of DAIR, and causative microorganisms in patients with a PJI surrounding a lower-extremity endoprosthesis after tumor resection.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary referral center for orthopaedic oncology.