Fuzzy-Match Repair Guided by Quality Estimation.

Computer-aided translation tools based on translation memories are widely used to assist professional translators. A translation memory (TM) consists of a set of translation units (TU) made up of source- and target-language segment pairs. For the translation of a new source segment s, these tools search the TM and retrieve the TUs (s,t) whose source segments are more similar to s.

Ibn Bājja on medicine and medical experience.

This article lists the medical works written by Ibn Bājja, overviews those that have come down to us and studies the super-commentary of Galen's commentary to Hippocrates' "Aphorisms (Sharḥ fī al-Fuṣūl)". This text shows a deep influence of al-Fārābī, namely in a conception of medical experience which stems from the latter's construal of experience (tajriba) as the inductive process described by Aristotle in "Posterior Analytics" which brings the premises of demonstration. On this basis, Ibn Bājja advocated for a less scholastic, more empiric medicine, and his claim was echoed by Ibn Rushd.

Stable encoding of finite-state machines in discrete-time recurrent neural nets with sigmoid units.

There has been a lot of interest in the use of discrete-time recurrent neural nets (DTRNN) to learn finite-state tasks, with interesting results regarding the induction of simple finite-state machines from input-output strings. Parallel work has studied the computational power of DTRNN in connection with finite-state computation. This article describes a simple strategy to devise stable encodings of finite-state machines in computationally capable discrete-time recurrent neural architectures with sigmoid units and gives a detailed presentation on how this strategy may be applied to encode a general class of finite-state machines in a variety of commonly used first- and second-order recurrent neural networks.

Comparison of simplified methods for pesticide residue analysis. Use of large-volume injection in capillary gas chromatography.

The combination of manual and automated extraction procedures using low sample volumes (5-50 ml) with large-volume oncolumn injection (LVI) (200 microliters) in capillary gas chromatography with flame photometric detection (GC-FPD) has allowed the determination of 16 organophosphorus pesticides in clean water samples at the low ng l-1 level with an important simplification in the sample preparation step. A simple and fast offline liquid-liquid microextraction procedure (2-5 ml water/l ml methyl tert.-butyl ether) has been applied to spiked groundwater samples (containing 0.