Apigenin inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in monocytes and macrophages independently of CD38.

Introduction: CD38, a regulator of intracellular calcium signalling, is highly expressed in immune cells. Mice lacking CD38 are very susceptible to acute bacterial infections, implicating CD38 in innate immune responses. The effects of CD38 inhibition on NLRP3 inflammasome activation in human primary monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages have not been investigated.

Sacubitril/valsartan preserves regional cardiac function following myocardial infarction in rats.

Aims: Sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/Val) is used for treatment of heart failure. The effect of Sac/Val on regional dysfunction following myocardial infarction (MI) remains uncertain. This study aimed at understanding the effects of Sac/Val on regional function after MI.

Importance of environmental signals for cardiac morphological development in Atlantic salmon.

The hearts of salmonids display remarkable plasticity, adapting to various environmental factors that influence cardiac function and demand. For instance, in response to cold temperature, the salmonid heart undergoes growth and remodeling to counterbalance the reduced contractile function associated with dropping temperatures. Alongside heart size, the distinct pyramidal shape of the wild salmonid heart is essential for optimal cardiac performance, yet the environmental drivers behind this optimal cardiac morphology remain to be fully understood.

Patterns of persistence: Genetic and behavioral population complexity of winter flounder amid population declines.

Winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus (Walbaum 1792) are a coastal flatfish species of economic and cultural importance that have dwindled to <15, % of their historic abundance in the southern New England/Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, with evidence indicating near-extirpation of certain local populations. This species exhibits intricate behaviors in spawning and migration that contribute to population complexity and resilience. These behaviors encompass full or partial philopatry to natal estuaries, the generation of multiple pulses of larval delivery, and partial migration.

Accumulation of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Coastal Sharks from Contrasting Marine Environments: The New York Bight and The Bahamas.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) enter the marine food web, accumulate in organisms, and potentially have adverse effects on predators and consumers of seafood. However, evaluations of PFAS in meso-to-apex predators, like sharks, are scarce. This study investigated PFAS occurrence in five shark species from two marine ecosystems with contrasting relative human population densities, the New York Bight (NYB) and the coastal waters of The Bahamas archipelago.