Effects of Different Levels of Flavonoids on Growth Performance, Immunity, Intestinal Barrier and Antioxidant Capacity of Meat Ducks.

In vitro findings on the biological functions of Lycium barbarum flavonoids (LBFs) as feed additives are limited. This study aimed to explore the effects of different concentrations of LBFs on the growth performance, immune function, intestinal barrier, and antioxidant capacity of meat ducks. A total of 240 one-day-old male meat ducks were randomly allocated to four groups, each receiving a basal diet supplemented with 0 (control), 250, 500, or 1000 mg/kg of LBFs for 42 d.

Alterations in murine macrophage reactivity and bactericidal efficacy following exposure to an environmentally relevant mixture of organochlorine pesticide compounds.

While there are a number of factors which may promote chronic inflammation, a major factor is pro-inflammatory activation of resident and infiltrating macrophages. Recently, exposures to persistent organic pollutants including organochlorine (OC) pesticides have been implicated in dysregulation of macrophage function. However, the majority of these studies examined single compound effects and not mixture-based effects.

Cu(II)-Catalyzed Annulative Sulfonylimination of α-Carbonyl-γ-alkynyl Sulfoxonium Ylides through Sulfoxonium Ylide Elimination for Access to ()-1-Isochromenes.

1-Isochromene scaffolds are ubiquitous in natural products and significant bioactive molecules. Although several methods for these molecular syntheses have been developed, reports on the efficient construction of iminated isochromenes are still rather limited. Herein, we report a new Cu(II)-catalyzed annulation and sulfonylimination cascade of α-carbonyl-γ-alkynyl sulfoxonium ylides with sulfamides, enabling direct C-C σ-bond elimination to furnish iminated ()-1-isochromenes in 51-97% yields.

Spatial and Temporal Regulation of Flower Coloration in Cymbidium lowianum.

Flower color is a crucial trait that attracts pollinators and determines the ornamental value of floral crops. Cymbidium lowianum, one of the most important breeding parent of Cymbidium hybrids, has two flower morphs (normal and albino) that differ in flower lip color. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying flower color formation in C.

Tailoring industrial enzymes for thermostability and activity evolution by the machine learning-based iCASE strategy.

The pursuit of obtaining enzymes with high activity and stability remains a grail in enzyme evolution due to the stability-activity trade-off. Here, we develop an isothermal compressibility-assisted dynamic squeezing index perturbation engineering (iCASE) strategy to construct hierarchical modular networks for enzymes of varying complexity. Molecular mechanism analysis elucidates that the peak of adaptive evolution is reached through a structural response mechanism among variants.