Generalized arterial calcification of infancy and pseudoxanthoma elasticum can be caused by mutations in either ENPP1 or ABCC6.

Spontaneous pathologic arterial calcifications in childhood can occur in generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) or in pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE). GACI is associated with biallelic mutations in ENPP1 in the majority of cases, whereas mutations in ABCC6 are known to cause PXE. However, the genetic basis in subsets of both disease phenotypes remains elusive.

[Fulminant encephalopathy due to Shigella flexneri].

Background: In some rare cases, Shigella flexneri infection may be associated with fulminating encephatopathy.

Case Report: A 6-year-old girl was admitted with fever, diarrhea and consciousness abnormalities. Brain CT scan was normal.

[Treatment of migraine in children].

Simple migraine attacks are usually controlled by rest and an analgesic (acetylsalicylic acid or paracetamol), eventually associated with metoclopramide. More severe cases with failure of these measures may benefit from antimigraine medications such as ergotamine derivatives. Preventive treatment is only indicated in case of frequent (> or = 3 per month) and complicated attacks.