Non-human peptides revealed in blood reflect the composition of intestinal microbiota.

Background: The previously underestimated effects of commensal gut microbiota on the human body are increasingly being investigated using omics. The discovery of active molecules of interaction between the microbiota and the host may be an important step towards elucidating the mechanisms of symbiosis.

Results: Here, we show that in the bloodstream of healthy people, there are over 900 peptides that are fragments of proteins from microorganisms which naturally inhabit human biotopes, including the intestinal microbiota.

Physiological and Functional Effects of Dominant Active TCRα Expression in Transgenic Mice.

A T cell receptor (TCR) consists of α- and β-chains. Accumulating evidence suggests that some TCRs possess chain centricity, i.e.

Effect of the First Feeding on Enterocytes of Newborn Rats.

The transcytosis of lipids through enterocytes occurs through the delivery of lipid micelles to the microvilli of enterocytes, consumption of lipid derivates by the apical plasma membrane (PM) and then their delivery to the membrane of the smooth ER attached to the basolateral PM. The SER forms immature chylomicrons (iChMs) in the ER lumen. iChMs are delivered at the Golgi complex (GC) where they are subjected to additional glycosylation resulting in maturation of iChMs.

[Transaortic Implantation of Aortic Valve Bioprosthesis in High-Risk Patient With Simultaneous Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting].

Transaortic approach represents an alternative variant of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) which combines benefits of antegrade transapical approach and high safety profile characteristic of transfemoral approach. This method has substantial advantages over subclavian and transapical approaches in cases of pronounced myocardial hypertrophy, left ventricular dysfunction, thinning of left ventricular wall. We describe here a hybrid intervention with simultaneous coronary artery bypass grafting and TAVI in a patient from high surgical risk group with multivessel coronary artery involvement and critical aortic stenosis.