Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis of meropenem and fosfomycin combinations in in vitro time-kill and hollow-fibre infection models against multidrug-resistant and carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Background: MDR Gram-negative bacteria, such as ESBL-producing and carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, represent major global health threats. Treatment options are limited due to increasing resistance and slowed development of novel antimicrobials, making it necessary to apply effective combination therapies based on approved antibiotics.

Objectives: To quantitatively evaluate the synergistic potential of meropenem and fosfomycin against carbapenem-resistant K.

Country-Specific Roadmaps for Scaling Up Integrated Care in Belgium, Slovenia, and Cambodia - Lessons Learned from the SCUBY Project.

Introduction: The SCUBY project aimed to provide knowledge on the scaling-up of an Integrated Care Package (ICP) for type 2 diabetes and hypertension across three distinct health systems (Cambodia, Slovenia, and Belgium). Here, we analyse the different elements of the country-specific scale-up roadmaps to identify similarities and differences, and share lessons learned.

Methods: Thematic analysis was used to derive crucial roadmap elements from key SCUBY documents (n = 20), including policy briefs, interim reports, research outputs, and consortium meeting notes.

Test Statistics and Statistical Inference for Data With Informative Cluster Sizes.

In biomedical studies, investigators often encounter clustered data. The cluster sizes are said to be informative if the outcome depends on the cluster size. Ignoring informative cluster sizes in the analysis leads to biased parameter estimation in marginal and mixed-effect regression models.

Process Evaluations for the Scale-Up of Complex Interventions - a Scoping Review.

Introduction: Complex health interventions (CHIs) are common in (public) health and social care practice and policy. A process evaluation (PE) is an essential part of designing and testing CHIs and questions what is implemented, the mechanisms of change, and how context affects implementation. The scale-up of CHIs is challenging and heterogeneous, making the accompanying PE unique to the nature of the inquiry.