Publications by authors named "M F Cotrufo"
Article Synopsis
- Breeding annual crops for deeper root depth and higher biomass can significantly enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) in croplands, offering a scalable and cost-effective solution for climate change mitigation compared to traditional management methods.* -
- A two-year field experiment with maize, which has low root biomass mainly in the topsoil, showed that deeper root decomposition leads to increased formation of particulate organic matter (POM) and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM).* -
- Modeling suggested that enhancing maize root traits could yield a modest increase in SOC of 0.05 to 0.15 Mg C per hectare annually, indicating limited direct impact on SOC accrual despite maize's widespread global cultivation.*
Local control of polarization and geometric phase in thermal metasurfaces.
Nat Nanotechnol
November 2024
Thermal emission from a hot body is inherently challenging to control due to its incoherent nature. Recent advances have shown that patterned surfaces can transform thermal emission into partially coherent beams with tailored directionality and frequency selectivity. Here we experimentally demonstrate polarization-selective, unidirectional and narrowband thermal emission using single-layer metasurfaces.
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- Analog computation with passive optical components can speed up processing and lower power use, gaining interest due to metasurfaces.
- Recent advancements allow for basic image processing like spatial differentiation using engineered metasurfaces, but future tech needs more sophisticated functions.
- A newly developed ultrathin silicon metasurface can perform mixed spatiotemporal differentiation, enabling fast edge detection of moving objects and aiding the development of compact neuromorphic cameras.*
Grazing lands play a significant role in global carbon (C) dynamics, holding substantial soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. However, historical mismanagement (e.g.
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- - The text discusses the development of a passive edge-detection metasurface for image processing that can be dynamically reconfigured by small temperature changes, enhancing its versatility in computing systems.
- - This reconfigurability is enabled by the phase transition of vanadium dioxide, allowing the metasurface to significantly change its response while maintaining high performance metrics like efficiency and polarization-independence.
- - The resulting device is ultra-compact and compatible with large-scale manufacturing, suggesting potential applications in fields like augmented reality, remote sensing, and biomedical imaging.