Deep learning based histological classification of adnex tumors.

Background: Cutaneous adnexal tumors are a diverse group of tumors arising from structures of the hair appendages. Although often benign, malignant entities occur which can metastasize and lead to patients´ death. Correct diagnosis is critical to ensure optimal treatment and best possible patient outcome.

Nivolumab for locally advanced and metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (NIVOSQUACS study)-Phase II data covering impact of concomitant haematological malignancies.

Background: Monoclonal antibodies, such as cemiplimab and pembrolizumab, against the programmed death receptor (PD)-1 have become the current standard of care and first-line treatment of advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), proving remarkable clinical benefit and acceptable safety.

Objectives: To assess efficacy and safety of the anti-PD-1 antibody nivolumab in patients with locally advanced and metastatic cSCC.

Methods: Patients received open-label nivolumab 240 mg intravenously every 2 weeks for up to 24 months.

Allosteric modulation of a human odorant receptor.

Odor perception is first determined by how the myriad of environmental volatiles are detected at the periphery of the olfactory system. The combinatorial activation of dedicated odorant receptors generates enough encoding power for the discrimination of tens of thousands of odorants. Recent studies have revealed that odorant receptors undergo widespread inhibitory modulation of their activity when presented with mixtures of odorants, a property likely required to maintain discrimination and ensure sparsity of the code for complex mixtures.

Deep Learning Assisted Diagnosis of Onychomycosis on Whole-Slide Images.

Background: Onychomycosis numbers among the most common fungal infections in humans affecting finger- or toenails. Histology remains a frequently applied screening technique to diagnose onychomycosis. Screening slides for fungal elements can be time-consuming for pathologists, and sensitivity in cases with low amounts of fungi remains a concern.