Gut microbial dysbiosis, IgA, and Enterococcus in common variable immunodeficiency with immune dysregulation.

Background: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia and recurrent infections. Significant morbidity and mortality are caused by immune dysregulation complications (CVIDid), which affect around one-third of CVID patients and have a poorly understood etiology. Here, we investigate the hypothesis that gut microbial dysbiosis contributes to the inflammation underlying CVIDid.

Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Among Attendees From a Large Health Care System During the Covid-19 Pandemic.

Background: Few studies have evaluated home-based cardiac rehabilitation (HBCR) during the pandemic, compared to prepandemic center-based CR (CBCR), with respect to patient characteristics, participation rates, and its efficacy on clinical metrics, health-related quality of life (QoL), and modifiable risk factors.

Objectives: We aimed to describe patient characteristics and participation rates for those attending HBCR compared to patients who attended CBCR and compare the effects of HBCR vs CBCR on clinical metrics, health-related QoL, and modifiable risk factors in CR patients pre vs during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study comparing 511 HBCR patients and 765 CBCR patients from the Mayo Clinic Health System.

Gut microbiome and immune checkpoint inhibitor toxicity.

Background: Multiple studies have suggested that gut microbiome may influence immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy, but its association with immune-related adverse events (irAEs) is less well studied. In this prospective cohort study, we assessed whether gut microbiome composition at start, or changes during ICI, are associated with severe irAEs.

Methods: Stool samples of cancer patients treated with anti-PD-1 ± anti-CTLA-4 were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metagenomic shotgun sequencing.

Radical Resection of a Radial Ewing Sarcoma and Ulnar Centralization in a 10-Month-Old Girl: A Case Report.

Case: We outline the management of a 10-month-old girl with an Ewing sarcoma involving the entire radius. The patient was treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy resulting in almost a complete response. A limb-sparing procedure was performed consisting of a radical resection of the entire radius and centralization of the carpus to the ulna.

Paternal response to novel predator exposure correlates with transgenerational response in offspring of threespined stickleback.

Parental experiences can alter offspring phenotypes via transgenerational plasticity (TGP), which may prime offspring to adaptively respond to novel stressors, including novel predators. However, we know little about the types of sensory cues (e.g.