The Cxcr2 subset of the S100a8 gastric granylocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell population (G-MDSC) regulates gastric pathology.

Introduction: Gastric myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a prominent population that expands during gastric pre-neoplastic and neoplastic development in humans and mice. However, the heterogeneity of this population has circumvented the ability to study these cells or understand their functions. Aside from Schlafen-4 (Slfn-4) MDSCs in mouse studies, which constitute a subset of this population, limitations exist in characterizing the heterogeneity of the gastric CD11bLy6G population and targeting its different subsets.

The impact of vaccination on the burden of invasive pneumococcal disease from a nationwide surveillance program in Lebanon: an unexpected increase in mortality driven by non-vaccine serotypes.

Background: The impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) on the burden of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and serotype distribution was examined across age groups from data collected by the Lebanese Inter-Hospital Pneumococcal Surveillance Program.

Methods: Between 2005 and 2020, 593 invasive isolates were collected from 79 hospitals throughout Lebanon. Serotypes and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles were identified, and trends compared over 3 eras: PCV7, post-PCV7/ pre-PCV13, and PCV13 eras.

Dendritic cell-derived TGF-β mediates the induction of mucosal regulatory T-cell response to Helicobacter infection essential for maintenance of immune tolerance in mice.

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection leads to regulatory T-cell (Treg) induction in infected mice, which contributes to H. pylori immune escape. However, the mechanisms responsible for H.

Aim2-mediated/IFN-β-independent regulation of gastric metaplastic lesions via CD8+ T cells.

Development of gastric cancer is often preceded by chronic inflammation, but the immune cellular mechanisms underlying this process are unclear. Here we demonstrated that an inflammasome molecule, absent in melanoma 2 (Aim2), was upregulated in patients with gastric cancer and in spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia of chronically Helicobacter felis-infected stomachs in mice. However, we found that Aim2 was not necessary for inflammasome function during gastritis.