Prenatal VEGF Nano-Delivery Reverses Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia-associated Pulmonary Abnormalities.

Rationale: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) results in lung hypoplasia. In severe cases, tracheal occlusion (TO) can be offered to promote lung growth. However the benefit is limited, and novel treatments are required to supplement TO.

Biopolymeric 3D printed scaffolds as a versatile tissue engineering treatment for congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a rare disease in which neonates are born with pulmonary hypoplasia and a diaphragmatic defect. Survival is improving due to advances in fetal intervention for pulmonary hypoplasia leading to increased use of scaffolds for repair. Scaffolds have a significant morbidity rate with recurrence, small bowel obstruction and infrequently postoperative infections.

A systematic review of ultrasonography-guided transcutaneous fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of laryngeal malignancy.

Introduction: Direct laryngoscopy and biopsy is the gold standard for obtaining a tissue diagnosis in patients with suspected laryngeal cancer. In patients with advanced disease or other medical comorbidities, this may come with significant anaesthetic risks, including tracheostomy. Ultrasonography-guided biopsy has been widely used in the diagnosis of malignancy involving cervical lymph nodes but it is not commonly employed in the diagnosis of laryngeal tumours.

Total Synthesis of (+)-Eburnamonine Using Asymmetric Alkene Cyanoamidation through C-CN Bond Activation.

We report the total synthesis of (+)-eburnamonine using enantioselective alkene cyanoamidation to form the all-carbon quaternary stereocenter. Palladium, phosphoramidite ligand, and a Lewis acid combine to form a co-catalyst that promotes C-CN activation of a cyanoformamide, followed by intramolecular alkene cyanoamidation. Overall, the synthesis of (+)-eburnamonine is accomplished in 8 steps from 4-methylene hexanoic acid and tryptamine, providing an example of asymmetric aliphatic-tethered alkene cyanoamidation and its use in total synthesis.