Incidence and demographic characteristics of Syrian Civil War-related amputations: A multi-center study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the causes, levels, and rates of amputations performed in civilians during the Syrian Civil War and to present epidemiological data of the amputees.

Patients And Methods: Between August 2017 and February 2019, a total of 363 amputations of 307 amputees (266 males, 41 females; mean age 29.9±13.

Quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of nitric oxide synthases and apoptosis regulator proteins in the fetal rat brain following maternal uterine artery ligation.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relation between nitric oxide synthases (calcium-independent iNOS and calcium-dependent eNOS) and apoptosis regulator proteins (anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, pro-apoptotic p53) of fetal rat brain in experimental intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) model via quantitative immunohistochemistry. Cortical zone of parietal cerebral cortex and ventricular zone of third ventricle were studied following bilateral uterine artery ligation on gestational day 18. Significant increase in iNOS immunoreactivity was determined in parietal cerebral cortex and ventricular zones as eNOS immunoreactivity increased in ventricular zone of IUGR group.

Constructive effect of exogenous melatonin against osteoporosis after ovariectomy in rats.

Objective: To analyze histomorphometric, densitometric and biochemical effects of melatonin on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats.

Study Design: Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups. Group C: control; Group I: bilateral ovariectomy (OVX); Group II: OVX + vehicle; Group III: OVX + 10 mg/kg/day melatonin (MLT); Group IV: OVX + 30 mg/kg/day MLT; Group V: sham + 10 mg/kg/day MLT.

Neuroprotective effects of melatonin upon the offspring cerebellar cortex in the rat model of BCNU-induced cortical dysplasia.

Cortical dysplasia is a malformation characterized by defects in proliferation, migration and maturation. This study was designed to evaluate the alterations in offspring rat cerebellum induced by maternal exposure to carmustine-[1,3-bis (2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosoure] (BCNU) and to investigate the effects of exogenous melatonin upon cerebellar BCNU-induced cortical dysplasia, using histological and biochemical analyses. Pregnant Wistar rats were assigned to five groups: intact-control, saline-control, melatonin-treated, BCNU-exposed and BCNU-exposed plus melatonin.

Light, electron microscopic and immunohistochemical study of the effect of low-dose aspirin during the proestrus phase on rat endometrium in the preimplantation period.

Objective: To evaluate structural alterations in rat endometrium at preimplantation following treatment with aspirin beginning from proestrus by light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunohistochemical techniques.

Study Design: Twenty rats were divided into control (n = 10) and experimental (n = 10) groups. Experimental rats were treated with low-dose aspirin daily (2 mg/kg/day) during estrus, beginning from the proestrus phase, mated at end of cycle and treated with aspirin.