Physical Activity Inequalities in Adolescents From Areas of Different Socioeconomic Status.

Background: Understanding socioeconomic and gender inequalities in physical inactivity during adolescence is a relevant public health issue to promote health in adult life. The aim of this qualitative study is to identify the factors that determine physical activity inequalities in adolescents.

Methods: We selected 2 educational centers in each of the 3 socioeconomic status areas-low, middle, and high-in the city of Madrid.

Guidance and Position of RINN22 regarding Precision Nutrition and Nutriomics.

Background: Precision nutrition is based on the integration of individual's phenotypical and biological characteristics including genetic variants, epigenetic marks, gut microbiota profiles, and metabolite fingerprints as well as medical history, lifestyle practices, and environmental and cultural factors. Thus, nutriomics areas including nutrigenomics, nutrigenetics, nutriepigenetics, nutrimetabolomics, and nutrimetagenomics have emerged to comprehensively understand the complex interactions between nutrients, diet, and the human body's molecular processes through precision nutrition.

Summary: This document from the Ibero-American Network of Nutriomics and Precision Nutrition (RINN22; View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Effect of Genotype on the Response to Diet in Cardiovascular Disease-A Scoping Review.

Background/objectives: Nutrigenetics investigates the role of genetic variants that contribute to the inter-individual variation in response to food intake. Risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) are influenced by the complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors, including the diet. The aim of this scoping review is to analyze the literature on the effect of genotypes on the response to dietary interventions for the treatment of CVD risk factors.

Insights in AAV-mediated antigen-specific immunity and a strategy for AAV vaccine dose reduction through AAV-extracellular vesicle association.

We previously showed therapeutic advantages of using a capsid-modified and encoded antigen-optimized AAV-based cancer vaccine to initiate strong antigen-specific immune responses and increase survival in a syngeneic mouse model of melanoma. In this study, we further explore AAV vaccine dose reduction and possible mechanisms of the immune response. Immunization with extracellular vesicle (EV)-associated AAV6-S663V encoded ovalbumin (OVA) or tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1) induced significantly higher levels of antigen-specific CD8 T cells compared with standard AAV in mice.

Selection scan in Native Americans of Mexico identifies rs174616: Evidence of gene-diet interactions affecting lipid levels and Delta-6-desaturase activity.

Searching for positive selection signals across genomes has identified functional genetic variants responding to environmental change. In Native Americans of Mexico, we used the fixation index (F) and population branch statistic (PBS) to identify SNPs suggesting positive selection. The 103 most differentiated SNPs were tested for associations with metabolic traits, the most significant association was /rs174616 with body mass index (BMI).