MALT1 protease inhibition restrains glioblastoma progression by reversing tumor-associated macrophage-dependent immunosuppression.

MALT1 protease is an intracellular signaling molecule that promotes tumor progression via cancer cell-intrinsic and cancer cell-extrinsic mechanisms. MALT1 has been mostly studied in lymphocytes, and little is known about its role in tumor-associated macrophages. Here, we show that MALT1 plays a key role in glioblastoma (GBM)-associated macrophages.

Differential weight loss with intermittent fasting or daily calorie restriction in low- and high-fitness phenotypes.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? How does intrinsic aerobic capacity impact weight loss with 50% daily caloric restriction and alternate-day fasting? What is the main finding and its importance? Intermittent fasting is effective for weight loss in rats with low fitness, which highlights the importance of how intermittent fasting interacts with aerobic fitness.

Abstract: Recent interest has focused on the benefits of time-restricted feeding strategies, including intermittent fasting, for weight loss. It is not yet known whether intermittent fasting is more effective than daily caloric restriction at stimulating weight loss and how each is subject to individual differences.

Enhanced weight and fat loss from long-term intermittent fasting in obesity-prone, low-fitness rats.

Background: Intermittent fasting (IF) strategies have emerged as viable alternatives to traditional calorie-restricted diets. A key predictor of metabolic health and response to diet is cardiometabolic fitness, including intrinsic aerobic capacity. In a contrasting rat model of aerobic capacity-high- and low-capacity runners (HCR, LCR)-we found that the lean and physically active HCR were also more responsive to a standard calorie-restricted diet.

Author Correction: Physical Activity, Energy Expenditure, and Defense of Body Weight in Melanocortin 4 Receptor-Deficient Male Rats.

A correction has been published and is appended to both the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.

Physical Activity, Energy Expenditure, and Defense of Body Weight in Melanocortin 4 Receptor-Deficient Male Rats.

Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) variants contribute to human obesity, and rats lacking functional MC4R (Mc4r) are obese. We investigated the hypothesis that low energy expenditure (EE) and physical activity contribute to this obese phenotype in male rats, and determined whether lack of functional MC4R conferred protection from weight loss during 50% calorie restriction. Though Mc4r rats showed low brown adipose Ucp1 expression and were less physically active than rats heterozygous for the mutation (Mc4r) or wild-type (Mc4r) rats, we found no evidence of lowered EE in Mc4r rats once body weight was taken into account using covariance.