Age at menopause, cause-specific mortality and total life expectancy.

Background: A later menopause has been associated with a decreased cardiovascular risk but with an increased risk for breast and endometrial cancer. The net effect on mortality is unclear. We determined the association of age at menopause with longevity and with the balance between cardiovascular and cancer mortality.

Does the beneficial effect of HRT on endothelial function depend on lipid changes.

Objectives: To determine whether improvement in endothelial function of the brachial artery observed in women treated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may be explained by changes in lipid profile or blood pressure, information was used obtained in a single-centre, randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Methods: Hundred-and-five healthy postmenopausal women, aged 50-65 years, were treated with 0.625 mg conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) combined with 2.

Treatment with hormone replacement therapy lowers remnant lipoprotein particles in healthy postmenopausal women: results from a randomized trial.

Background: Recent evidence indicates that remnant lipoprotein particles (RLPs) may play a role in atherosclerosis. Remnant lipoprotein particles have been suggested to be the most atherogenic particles among the triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. In particular, these triglyceride-rich particles were identified as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in women.

Plasma and urinary sex hormones are differently related to lipids in healthy postmenopausal women.

Objective: Endogenous sex hormones can be measured in plasma and urine. We determined the extent to which these two methods provide different information on hormonal status by relating them to lipid profile in postmenopausal women.

Methods: Thirty healthy postmenopausal women collected one 24-h urine sample and a blood sample was taken.

Effect of hormone replacement therapy on lipids in perimenopausal and early postmenopausal women.

Objective: To determine the effects of oral sequential hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on lipid-profile in perimenopausal and early postmenopausal women.

Methods: We performed a single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. The trial was double blind with respect to 17beta-estradiol/desogestrel (17beta-E-D) and placebo and open with respect to conjugated estrogens/norgestrel (CEE-N).