Graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis shapes T cell biology and immune reconstitution after hematopoietic cell transplant.

Successful hematopoietic cell transplant requires immunosuppression to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a lethal, T-cell-mediated post-transplant complication. The phase 3 BMT CTN 1703 trial demonstrated superior GVHD-free/relapse-free survival for post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy)-based GVHD prophylaxis versus tacrolimus/methotrexate (Tac/MTX), but did not improve overall survival. To compare T-cell biology between GVHD prophylaxis regimens, 324 patients were co-enrolled onto BMT CTN 1801 ( NCT03959241 ).

Risk factors for clinical treatment failure regarding Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in the southwestern United States.

Background: Rates of Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacterales (CRE)-related infections in the United States have continued to rise, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPC) have been the most common carbapenemase in the United States; over time, however, a shift has occurred in some regions.

Methods: A multicenter, retrospective observational study was performed across a large-scale healthcare system of 33 acute care hospitals in the southwestern United States, primarily Arizona.

No short-term changes in tendon structure following temporary replacement of running with low-impact exercises in service members with midportion Achilles tendinopathy: a prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Midportion Achilles tendinopathy (mid-AT) is associated with tendon degeneration that may worsen due to mechanical loading. Contrastingly, load can also improve tendon structure. We aimed to evaluate short-term changes in midportion tendon structure and their associations with symptoms, following temporary replacement of running with low-impact exercises on a stair climber or cross-trainer, in service members with mid-AT.

Special needs of refugees with substance use disorders from conflict-affected countries: a comparison with German-born individuals.

Background: Refugees seem to be at enhanced risk for substance use disorders. At the same time, they have less access to services and their health needs remain poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate the specific needs of refugees as compared to German-born individuals seeking help for substance use disorders.