Inspiration and curiosity: encouraging careers with postgraduate dental research.

The role of teachers and mentors is crucial in developing young members of the dental profession to consider an academic career. In this paper, the experience of the author, as a young postgraduate in paediatric dentistry at the Eastman Dental Center (Rochester, New York), is described when his curiosity was aroused concerning the possible causative or preventive effects of trace elements on tooth enamel. That curiosity was encouraged by Dr Basil Bibby, Director of the Eastman Dental Center, who inspired many students to conduct a research project.

Structural Development of Speech Networks in Young Children at Risk for Speech Disorder.

Characterizing the structural development of the neural speech network in early childhood is important for understanding speech acquisition. To investigate speech in the developing brain, 94 children aged 4-7-years-old at risk for early speech disorder were scanned using diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Additionally, each child completed the Syllable Repetition Task (SRT), a validated measure of phoneme articulation.

Initial promise of child-parent psychotherapy in reducing stress and postpartum depression among mothers experiencing homelessness: a feasibility and pilot study.

Purpose: Mothers experiencing homelessness undergo significant stressors in addition to parenting stress, yet the rate and treatment of postpartum depression (PPD) within this population has yet to be explored. We assessed the risk for PPD and examined the changes in PDD and parenting stress following engagement in treatment.

Methods: Participants included 182 mothers with infants 7 months of age or younger in a shelter setting.

Reduced recruitment of inhibitory control regions in very young children with ADHD during a modified Kiddie Continuous Performance Task: a fMRI study.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptom profiles are known to undergo changes throughout development, rendering the neurobiological assessment of ADHD challenging across different developmental stages. Particularly in young children (ages 4 to 7 years), measuring inhibitory control network activity in the brain has been a formidable task due to the lack of child-friendly functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) paradigms. This study aims to address these difficulties by focusing on measuring inhibitory control in very young children within the MRI environment.

Exploring Differences in Physical Health in Young Children With and Without ADHD.

Objective: To assess differences in child physical health outcomes and metrices associated with obesity in a sample of predominantly Hispanic/Latinx young children with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods: Participants included 127 children diagnosed with ADHD and 96 typically developing (TD) children between 4 and 7 years of age. Objective measures of children's body composition, fitness, and physical activity were conducted.