The Role of Ultrasound in the Evaluation of Tardive Dyskinesia: A Case Series.

Background: Despite efforts to visualize all the movements of tongue and oropharynx in individuals with focal movement disorders (specifically tardive dyskinesia (TD)), clinicians can miss the complete picture and additional tools may be required to reach an accurate diagnosis.

Cases: We present three cases with TD where ultrasound assisted in diagnoses. These individuals had difficulty swallowing and abnormal sensations in the tongue, which remained undiagnosed until we performed ultrasound of oropharynx which allowed for characterization of these movements.

Ultra High-Frequency Ultrasound of Median Nerve Fascicles at the Wrist in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Exploratory Study.

Purpose: High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) of muscle and nerve has the potential to be a reliable, responsive, and informative biomarker of disease progression for individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). High-frequency ultrasound is not able to visualize median nerve fascicles to the same extent as ultra-high-frequency ultrasound (UHFUS). Evaluating the number and size of fascicles within a nerve may facilitate a better understanding of nerve diseases.

Identification of an Intrinsically Disordered Region (IDR) in Arginyltransferase 1 (ATE1).

Arginyltransferase 1 (ATE1) catalyzes arginylation, an important posttranslational modification (PTM) in eukaryotes that plays a critical role in cellular homeostasis. The disruption of ATE1 function is implicated in mammalian neurodegenerative disorders and cardiovascular maldevelopment, while posttranslational arginylation has also been linked to the activities of several important human viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and HIV. Despite the known significance of ATE1 in mammalian cellular function, past biophysical studies of this enzyme have mainly focused on yeast ATE1, leaving the mechanism of arginylation in mammalian cells unclear.

Muscle ultrasound as a key in assisting the diagnosis of neuromyotonia.

Neuromyotonia or Isaacs syndrome is a rare neuromuscular disorder secondary to hyperexcitable peripheral nerves which fire continuously causing motor unit activation and manifests clinically as cramps, muscle twitches, or visible muscle contraction associated with impaired muscle relaxation. Clinical suspicion and subsequent diagnostic work-up, including electrophysiology, aid in the diagnosis. However, when contractions are not appreciated clinically, there is a high possibility of misdiagnosis.

The safety and tolerability of berdazimer gel 10.3% in Japanese patients with molluscum contagiosum.

Background: Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a contagious viral skin infection. Berdazimer gel, 10.3% (SB206 12%) is approved in the United States as the first topical, at-home MC prescription medication.