Distinct pathophysiological pathways support stratification of Sjögren's disease based on symptoms, clinical, and routine biological data.

Objective: Recently, three distinct phenotypes of Sjögren's disease (SjD) patients have been described, based on cluster analysis: B-cell active with low symptoms (BALS), high systemic activity (HSA), and low systemic activity with high symptoms (LSAHS). We aimed to assess whether these clusters were associated with distinct biomarkers and the prognostic value of IFN signature.

Methods: The ASSESS cohort is a 20-year prospective cohort of SjD patients.

Real-life use of the PEXIVAS reduced-dose glucocorticoid regimen in granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis.

Background: The PEXIVAS (Plasma exchange and glucocorticoids in severe antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis) trial showed that a reduced-dose glucocorticoid regimen (redGC) was non-inferior to a standard-dose regimen (standGC) with respect to death or end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). However, the primary endpoint did not include disease progression or relapse, cyclophosphamide was the main induction therapy and rituximab (RTX)-treated patients tended to have a higher risk of death or ESKD with redGC. We aimed to evaluate the real-world use of redGC.

Some superiority trials with nonsignificant results published in high impact factor journals correspond to noninferiority situations: a research-on-research study.

Objectives: Many negative randomized controlled trials (RCTs) report spin in their conclusions to highlight the benefits of the experimental arm, which could correspond to a noninferiority (NI) objective. We aimed to evaluate whether some negative superiority RCTs comparing 2 active interventions could correspond to an NI situation and to explore associated trial characteristics.

Study Design And Setting: We searched PubMed for superiority RCTs comparing 2 active interventions with non-statistically significant results for the primary outcome that were published in 2021 in the 5 journals with the highest impact factor in each medical specialty.

Conducting observational analyses with the target trial emulation approach: a methodological systematic review.

Objectives: Target trial emulation is an approach that is increasingly used to improve transparency in observational studies and help mitigate biases. For studies declaring that they emulated a target trial, we aimed to evaluate the specification of the target trial, examine its consistency with the observational emulation and assess the risk of bias in the observational analysis.

Design: Methodological systematic review reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement.