Implementing nutritional medicine into medical curricula: A student-initiated course improves knowledge and attitudes.

Background & Aims: Although the risks and opportunities of nutrition in health trajectories are well known, it is rarely addressed in doctors' daily routine. This is partly related to physicians' lack of confidence in their ability to provide nutritional counselling, possibly due to insufficient training in medical school. Our study aimed at assessing the status quo of nutrition in the German medical curricula and the impact of a recently implemented, student-initiated online teaching initiative on perceived competence, knowledge and attitudes.

Improvement of Dietary Habits among German Medical Students by Attending a Nationwide Online Lecture Series on Nutrition and Planetary Health ().

Nutrition is a major influential factor in optimizing human health and environmental sustainability. Medical students often do not follow national dietary guideline recommendations. Raising awareness of a healthy lifestyle is important as physicians with healthy lifestyle behaviors are more likely to counsel on nutrition.

Thermal and chemical disinfection of water and biofilms: only a temporary effect in regard to the autochthonous bacteria.

Thermal and chemical disinfection of technical water systems not only aim at minimizing the level of undesired microorganisms, but also at preventing excessive biofouling, clogging and interference with diverse technical processes. Typically, treatment has to be repeated in certain time intervals, as the duration of the effect is limited. The transient effect of disinfection was demonstrated in this study applying different treatments to water and biofilms including heat, chlorination, a combination of hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid and monochloramine.

NICU breast milk warming practices and the physiological effects of breast milk feeding temperatures on preterm infants.

Purpose: No evidence-based standards exist for warming breast milk or determining the optimal milk temperature for preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. In this study, we describe current nursing practices for warming breast milk and examine preterm infants' physiological responses to varying milk temperatures.

Subjects And Design: Randomly selected experienced neonatal nurses (n = 61) were observed as they prepared and administered breast milk gavage feedings.

Early amino-acid administration improves preterm infant weight.

Objective: Premature infants, especially those born less than 1500 g, often exhibit slow overall growth after birth and lack of early nutritional support may be an important element. We tested the hypothesis that early administration of amino acids (within the first few hours of life) to infants born at less than 1500 g would be associated with fewer infants that were less than the 10th percentile at 36 weeks post-conceptual age than infants that received amino acids after the first 24 h of life.

Study Design: A prospective intervention of early amino-acid (EAA) supplementation, began before 24 h of life, in preterm infants, <1500 g, was compared to a retrospective cohort of preterm infants receiving late amino-acid (LAA) supplementation, began after 24 h of life.