Microvascular anatomy of the cerebellar parafloccular perforating space.

Objective: The cerebellopontine angle is a common site for tumor growth and vascular pathologies requiring surgical manipulations that jeopardize cranial nerve integrity and cerebellar and brainstem perfusion. To date, a detailed study of vessels perforating the cisternal surface of the middle cerebellar peduncle-namely, the paraflocculus or parafloccular perforating space-has yet to be published. In this report, the perforating vessels of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) in the parafloccular space, or on the cisternal surface of the middle cerebellar peduncle, are described to elucidate their relevance pertaining to microsurgery and the different pathologies that occur at the cerebellopontine angle.

Self-closing aneurysm clip: a historical review.

Objective: To analyse the self-closing aneurysm clip historical evolution.

Materials And Methods: The authors reviewed the self-closing aneurysm clip's 50-year history. Major neurosurgical books, journals, testimonials, authors' personal experience, and scientific databases were analysed.

Brain retractor systems.

Objective: Reviews of the brain retractor evolution are described. Instrument characteristics as well as the physiopathological and histopathological damage of the brain are induced by brain retraction.

Materials And Methods: The literature related to the brain retractor was reviewed.

Historical evolution of neuroendovascular surgery of intracranial aneurysms: from coils to polymers.

Objectives: The backbone of neuroendovascular surgery was developed in the decades of the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. Catheter, balloon and coil technologies were further added to the armamentarium of endovascular treatment of cerebral arterial aneurysms and vasospasm.

Material And Methods: Development of detachable coils in the early 1990s was a major breakthrough in the management of intracranial arterial aneurysms.

Cerebral arterial aneurysms: the early period of neuroendovascular therapy.

Objectives: Anatomical concepts derived by surgical management of intracranial aneurysms provided a pathway to the current integration and practice of aneurysm treatment. These important early developments, such as the surgical microscope in the late 1960s, the development of new surgical techniques and catheters and the evolution of imaging technology, have all provided a fundamental sequence to current clinical practice.

Material And Methods: The 1960s can be recognized as the dawn of the current era of aneurysm management.