Influence of Temperature on Growth of Four Different Opportunistic Pathogens in Drinking Water Biofilms.

High drinking water temperatures occur due to climate change and could enhance the growth of opportunistic pathogens in drinking water systems. We investigated the influence of drinking water temperatures on the growth of , , and in drinking water biofilms with an autochthonous microflora. Our results reveal that the growth of and in the biofilm already occurred at 15.

Changes in biofilm composition and microbial water quality in drinking water distribution systems by temperature increase induced through thermal energy recovery.

Drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) have been thoroughly studied, but the concept of thermal energy recovery from DWDSs is very new and has been conceptualized in the past few years. Cold recovery results in a temperature increase of the drinking water. Its effects on drinking water quality and biofilm development are unclear.

Primary Colonizing Play a Key Role in the Growth of in Biofilms on Surfaces Exposed to Drinking Water Treated by Slow Sand Filtration.

Slow sand filtration with extensive pretreatment reduces the microbial growth potential of drinking water to a minimum level at four surface water supplies in The Netherlands. The potential of these slow sand filtrates (SSFs) to promote microbial growth in warm tap water installations was assessed by measuring biofilm formation and growth of bacteria on glass and chlorinated polyvinylchloride (CPVC) surfaces exposed to SSFs at 37 ± 2°C in a model system for up to six months. The steady-state biofilm concentration ranged from 230 to 3,980 pg ATP cm on glass and 1.

Assessment of the microbial growth potential of slow sand filtrate with the biomass production potential test in comparison with the assimilable organic carbon method.

Slow sand filtration is the final treatment step at four surface-water supplies in the Netherlands. The microbial growth potential (MGP) of the finished water was measured with the assimilable organic carbon (AOC) method using pure cultures and the biomass production potential (BPP) test. In the BPP test, water samples were incubated untreated at 25 °C and the active-biomass concentration was measured by adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) analysis.

Contested Technologies and Design for Values: The Case of Shale Gas.

The introduction of new energy technologies may lead to public resistance and contestation. It is often argued that this phenomenon is caused by an inadequate inclusion of relevant public values in the design of technology. In this paper we examine the applicability of the value sensitive design (VSD) approach.