A single mutation G454A in the P450 CYP9K1 drives pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles funestus reducing bed net efficacy.

Metabolic mechanisms conferring pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors are jeopardizing the effectiveness of insecticide-based interventions, and identification of their markers is a key requirement for robust resistance management. Here, using a field-lab-field approach, we demonstrated that a single mutation G454A in the P450 CYP9K1 is driving pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles funestus in East and Central Africa. Drastic reduction in CYP9K1 diversity was observed in Ugandan samples collected in 2014, with the selection of a predominant haplotype (G454A mutation at 90%), which was completely absent in the other African regions.

[Asymptomatic Parasitemia in under five, school age children and households self-medication, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo].

Introduction: Long neglected, asymptomatic malaria is currently recognized as a potential threat and obstacle to malaria control. In DR Congo, the prevalence of this parasite is poorly documented. This study aims to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic parasitaemia in children less than 5 years of age as well as in those aged over five years for what concerns ongoing mass control interventions (LLINs).

Multifrequency impedance testing in relation to otospongiotic stapedial fixation and other factors.

After reviewing COLLETTI'S research, the authors describe their own experimental work on multifrequency impedance testing in relation to stapedial fixation in otospongiosis, and other factors. Their findings, based on 266 tested ears, lead the authors to the conclusion that : (1) the most useful frequencies, from the clinical point of view, are the low ones (220, 660 and 800 Hz); (2) the research frequencies, range beyond (900 to 2 000 Hz), for a finer diagnosis, but are confused by numerous artefacts and are not always reliable; (3) COLLETTI'S conclusions on the inversion of the peak and on the shifting of M and W, are valuable, but not always reliable in some cases.

[Contribution of data processing in otospongiosis. Part I. Statistics on otospongiosis].

The use of data processing in their otology clinic allowed the authors a better approach to otospongiosis and to its treatment, thus completing the knowledge of the otospongiotic disease according to their enzymatic concept. An important material has been gathered since 1959 to the present (June 1, 1974), based on more than 16 000 stapedectomies and nearly 100 000 otology out-patients. It has been studied both through a conventional method and an informatic one on the computer of their clinic.