Compared to Aluminum Hydroxide Adjuvant, Montanide ISA 206 VG Induces a Higher and More Durable Neutralizing Antibody Response against FMDV in Goats.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) has a high prevalence in cloven-hoofed animals. It is also highly contagious and remains a serious threat to livestock worldwide. Despite the widespread vaccination program in Iran, outbreaks of FMD continue to occur.

Effects of Adjuvant and Immunization Route on Antibody Responses against Venom.

(NNO) is one of the important venomous species in Iran. The current snakebite treatment is antivenom therapy that deals with hyper immunization of horses with crude or fractionated snake venom plus traditional adjuvants, like Freund's adjuvant. For improvement of antivenom production, it has been suggested to use different adjuvant systems or immunization procedures.

Nasal Administration of M2e/CpG-ODN Encapsulated in N-Trimethyl Chitosan (TMC) Significantly Increases Specific Immune Responses in a Mouse Model.

The nasal passage is the primary entry point for many infectious agents. Therefore, nasal vaccines that can overcome the limitations associated with antigen uptake are likely to play an important role in protecting these infectious agents. Thus, adjuvants and antigen-carrying systems that can induce a suitable mucosal and systemic immune response against their accompanying antigens are highly important.

Key Regulatory miRNAs and their Interplay with Mechanosensing and Mechanotransduction Signaling Pathways in Breast Cancer Progression.

According to the WHO, breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Identification of underlying mechanisms in breast cancer progression is the main concerns of researches. The mechanical forces within the tumor microenvironment, in addition to biochemical stimuli such as different growth factors and cytokines, activate signaling cascades, resulting in various changes in cancer cell physiology.

How hypoxia regulate exosomes in ischemic diseases and cancer microenvironment?

Exosomes, as natural occurring vesicles, play highly important roles in the behavior and fate of ischemic diseases and different tumors. Secretion, composition, and function of exosomes are remarkably influenced by hypoxia in ischemic diseases and tumor microenvironment. Exosomes secreted from hypoxic cells affect development, growth, angiogenesis, and progression in ischemic diseases and tumors through a variety of signaling pathways.