The bone transcription factor Osterix controls extracellular matrix- and node of Ranvier-related gene expression in oligodendrocytes.

Oligodendrocytes are the primary producers of many extracellular matrix (ECM)-related proteins found in the CNS. Therefore, oligodendrocytes play a critical role in the determination of brain stiffness, node of Ranvier formation, perinodal ECM deposition, and perineuronal net formation, all of which depend on the ECM. Nevertheless, the transcription factors that control ECM-related gene expression in oligodendrocytes remain unknown.

Sensory neurons display cell-type-specific vulnerability to loss of neuron-glia interactions.

Peripheral nervous system (PNS) injuries initiate transcriptional changes in glial cells and sensory neurons that promote axonal regeneration. While the factors that initiate the transcriptional changes in glial cells are well characterized, the full range of stimuli that initiate the response of sensory neurons remain elusive. Here, using a genetic model of glial cell ablation, we find that glial cell loss results in transient PNS demyelination without overt axonal loss.

Relational agility: Visualizing near-real-time Arctic sea ice data as a proxy for climate change.

This ethnographic study at the US National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) follows a group of scientists and communications specialists as they compose visualizations and analyses of near-real-time Arctic sea ice data. Research participants collectively make scientific judgments about near-real-time data in a highly visible public venue with 'relational agility'. They balance multiple phenomena including knowledge of how sceptics attack climate science, reflexivity about the conventions through which sea ice data is gathered, the needs of journalists working in a news cycle paced by Twitter, and the liveliness and vitality of sea ice itself.

Direct Monitoring Reveals Initiation of Turbidity Currents From Extremely Dilute River Plumes.

Rivers (on land) and turbidity currents (in the ocean) are the most important sediment transport processes on Earth. Yet how rivers generate turbidity currents as they enter the coastal ocean remains poorly understood. The current paradigm, based on laboratory experiments, is that turbidity currents are triggered when river plumes exceed a threshold sediment concentration of ~1 kg/m.

A pilot study of cardiac electrophysiology catheters to map and pace bladder electrical activity.

Aims: This is a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of using diagnostic cardiac electrophysiology catheters for recording intrinsic urinary bladder electrical activity and for electrical pacing capture of bladder tissue.

Methods: During cystoscopy, a curved quadripolar catheter was introduced and contact was made with the right and left halves of the dome and trigone in adult female patients undergoing cystoscopy. Electrical activity was recorded, using a commercially available cardiac electrophysiologic recording system, before and during pacing at 0.