Hormones and Aging: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement.

Multiple changes occur across various endocrine systems as an individual ages. The understanding of the factors that cause age-related changes and how they should be managed clinically is evolving. This statement reviews the current state of research in the growth hormone, adrenal, ovarian, testicular, and thyroid axes, as well as in osteoporosis, vitamin D deficiency, type 2 diabetes, and water metabolism, with a specific focus on older individuals.

Growth Hormone Secretagogues as Potential Therapeutic Agents to Restore Growth Hormone Secretion in Older Subjects to Those Observed in Young Adults.

The discovery of the growth hormone secretagogues (GHS) and the reverse pharmacology leading to the discovery of GHS receptor which enabled the identification of ghrelin as the natural ligand for the receptor have opened a new horizon in growth hormone (GH) physiology, pathophysiology, and therapeutics. Major progress has been made and we now have orally active GHS which are able to restore optimal pulsatile GH secretion which cannot be overstimulated as insulin-like growth factor feedback regulates the peaks to the optimum level. This enables GH to be restored in the older to levels normally seen in 20- to 30-year-old people; this leads to an increase in fat-free mass and redistribution of fat to the limbs.

A GH Secretagogue Receptor Agonist (LUM-201) Elicits Greater GH Responses than Standard GH Secretagogues in Subjects of a Pediatric GH Deficiency Trial.

Introduction: LUM-201 (ibutamoren, formerly MK-0677) is an orally administered GH secretagogue receptor agonist under development for treatment of pediatric growth hormone deficiency (PGHD).

Methods: The GH response to a single dose of LUM-201 and to other GH secretagogues used for diagnosis of PGHD were compared in 68 pediatric subjects participating in a trial for growth hormone deficiency.

Results: LUM-201 elicited greater GH responses than observed in GHD diagnostic tests with arginine, glucagon, clonidine, L-dopa, and insulin-induced hypoglycemia [median and interquartile ranges 15.

Development of a Predictive Enrichment Marker for the Oral GH Secretagogue LUM-201 in Pediatric Growth Hormone Deficiency.

Context: We hypothesize, based on the degree of residual hypothalamic-pituitary function, that some, but not all, children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) may have beneficial growth responses to the orally administered growth hormone (GH) secretagogue LUM-201.

Objective: To determine if pretreatment testing can identify predictive enrichment markers (PEM) for subjects with adequate residual function who are responsive to LUM-201.

Methods: We performed an analysis of a completed, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of LUM-201, a GH secretagogue receptor agonist, in which all randomized subjects had pretreatment testing.

Corroboration of Height Velocity Prediction Markers for rhGH With an Oral GH Secretagogue Treatment in Children With GHD.

Context: Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) is approved for treatment of pediatric growth hormone deficiency (GHD), with greatest growth responses observed in those with severe GHD. Orally administered GH secretagogues (GHS) may be useful treatment in patients with moderate GHD. Distinguishing children with severe moderate GHD could identify children who would be better treated with rhGH or GHS.