Change in leisure-time physical activity and perception of weight gain during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from the ELSA-Brasil Cohort.

Objective: this study aimed to identify the association between changes in Leisure-Time Physical Activity (LTPA) and Perceived Weight Gain (PWG) during the COVID-19 pandemic among participants enrolled in the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Methods: an observational longitudinal study utilizing data from the ELSA-Brasil, Wave 3 - W3 (2017-2019), and Wave-COVID - WC (July/2020 to February/2021). LTPA was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, collected at both time points, while PWG was evaluated through a questionnaire in WC.

A comprehensive study of common and rare genetic variants in spermatogenesis-related loci identifies new risk factors for idiopathic severe spermatogenic failure.

Study Question: Can genome-wide genotyping data be analysed using a hypothesis-driven approach to enhance the understanding of the genetic basis of severe spermatogenic failure (SPGF) in male infertility?

Summary Answer: Our findings revealed a significant association between SPGF and the gene and identified three novel genes (, , and ) along with 32 potentially pathogenic rare variants in 30 genes that contribute to this condition.

What Is Known Already: SPGF is a major cause of male infertility, often with an unknown aetiology. SPGF can be due to either multifactorial causes, including both common genetic variants in multiple genes and environmental factors, or highly damaging rare variants.

Economic burden of multiple sclerosis in an Italian cohort of patients on disease-modifying therapy: analysis of disease cost and its components.

In this observational cross-sectional study conducted in Italy, sociodemographic and disease data were collected from a multiple sclerosis (MS) population treated with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). A prevalence-based cost-of-illness analysis was subsequently carried out. In total, 393 MS patients were enrolled, 65.

Immunotherapy for Cancer in Kidney Transplant Patients: A Difficult Balance Between Risks and Benefits.

Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant patients. Unfortunately, the use of new anti-cancer therapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) in this population has been associated with rejection rates up to 40%, in retrospective studies. The main challenge is to maintain the patient in a delicate immunologic balance in which, while antitumor therapy defeats cancer the graft is safely protected from rejection.

Ichthyofauna from tributaries of the Paranapanema River basin, Cerqueira César municipality, southeastern Brazil.

Here we provide an ichthyofaunistic inventory of the Cerqueira César municipality, in the middle Paranapanema River drainage, upper Paraná River basin, São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil. Collections were carried out in 10 streams and in the Novo River, an important watercourse in the Paranapanema River basin. We caught a total of 808 individuals comprising 49 fish species.