Environmental Exposures and Risks During Pregnancy.

The Women in Wilderness Medicine Research Committee of the Wilderness Medical Society conducted a narrative review to address considerations for pregnant individuals in wilderness environments. There is limited evidence behind many opinion-based recommendations on the safety of various environmental exposures in pregnancy. The authors reviewed the literature for the best available evidence, including observational studies, case series, limited controlled trials, and extrapolation from physiological data, as well as evaluating expert consensus statements.

Use of Neuronavigation in Suturectomy for Craniosynostosis.

Smaller operative exposures associated with suturectomy for craniosynostosis may result in difficulties visualizing the prematurely fused suture during surgery. The authors report cases of suturectomy for lambdoid and metopic craniosynostosis in which neuronavigation or frameless stereotaxy was used to assist with incision planning and intraoperative localization of the fused suture. In both cases, neuronavigation integrated easily and safely into established workflows and was associated with complete suture release.

Compliance With In-Home Self-Managed Rehabilitation Post-Stroke is Largely Independent of Scheduling Approach.

Objective: To investigate how participants self-schedule their engagement with domestic rehabilitation gaming platform, and how their scheduling behavior in turn influence overall compliance.

Design: Cohort of individuals randomized to receive in-home rehabilitation gaming during a multi-site randomized controlled trial.

Setting: In-home self-managed rehabilitation.

Noninvasive imaging of in vivo MuRF1 expression during muscle atrophy.

Numerous human diseases can lead to atrophy of skeletal muscle, and loss of this tissue has been correlated with increased mortality and morbidity rates. Clinically addressing muscle atrophy remains an unmet medical need, and the development of preclinical tools to assist drug discovery and basic research in this effort is important for advancing this goal. In this report, we describe the development of a bioluminescent gene reporter rat, based on the zinc finger nuclease-targeted insertion of a bicistronic luciferase reporter into the 3' untranslated region of a muscle specific E3 ubiquitin ligase gene, MuRF1 (Trim63).

Inhibition of Janus kinase signaling during controlled mechanical ventilation prevents ventilation-induced diaphragm dysfunction.

Controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) is associated with the development of diaphragm atrophy and contractile dysfunction, and respiratory muscle weakness is thought to contribute significantly to delayed weaning of patients. Therefore, therapeutic strategies for preventing these processes may have clinical benefit. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway in CMV-mediated diaphragm wasting and weakness in rats.