Development and validation of the EUROFORGEN NAME (North African and Middle Eastern) ancestry panel.

Inference of biogeographic origin is an important factor in clinical, population and forensic genetics. The information provided by AIMs (Ancestry Informative Markers) can allow the differentiation of major continental population groups, and several AIM panels have been developed for this purpose. However, from these major population groups, Eurasia covers a wide area between two continents that is difficult to differentiate genetically.

Aggressions against healthcare workers: an approach to the situation in Spain and the victims psychological effects.

Aggression against healthcare workers is a problem of important consequences which is becoming a focus of research. However, its possible effects on psychological health have not been studied sufficiently in spite of the fact that they may be of importance even in the absence of physical aggression [Winstnaley S, Whittington R. Aggression towards health care staff in a UK general hospital: variation among professions.

Effects of milrinone on contractility and cyclic adenosine monophosphate production induced by beta1- and beta2-adrenergic receptor activation in human myocardium.

Background: Because milrinone is a widely used phosphodiesterase-3 (PDE3) inhibitor, it would be of interest to know whether it interacts with beta1- and beta2-adrenergic receptor (AR) agonists in human myocardium.

Objectives: This in vitro study was conducted to test whether milrinone differentially regulates cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) production and to examine the effect of milrinone on the positive inotropic responses and cAMP production induced by activation of the beta1-AR with norepinephrine (NE) and activation of the beta2-AR with epinephrine (EPI) in human atrial myocardium.

Methods: Right atrial trabeculae were obtained from patients undergoing cardiac surgery for valve repair.

Effect of diazepam on adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) plasma levels in anesthetized patients.

Background: It has been previously demonstrated that diazepam inhibits the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase type 4 isozyme (PDE4). PDE enzymes mediate the hydrolysis of the nucleotide adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP).

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether IV administration of diazepam affects cAMP plasma levels in anesthetized patients.

Effects of rolipram, pimobendan and zaprinast on ischaemia-induced dysrhythmias and on ventricular cyclic nucleotide content in the anaesthetized rat.

Background And Objective: This study was designed to compare the haemodynamic, electrophysiological and pharmacodynamic effects of three selective inhibitors of the different isoenzyme forms of phosphodiesterase (PDE) on ischaemia-induced dysrhythmias in the anaesthetized rat. The drugs used were pimobendan, a selective PDE III inhibitor, rolipram, a selective PDE IV inhibitor, and zaprinast, a selective PDE V inhibitor.

Methods: The coronary artery was occluded 15 min after commencing drug administration, and myocardial ischaemia was maintained for 30 min during which the heart rate and mean arterial pressure were recorded.