[Canaud central venous catheters: 4-year experience].

Background: The use of central venous catheters for permanent vascular access has become increasingly important because of the characteristics and the clinical problems of incident patients or patients already undergoing chronic hemodialysis. In this study a short and medium term evaluation was made of a double permanent central venous catheter positioned in the right internal jugular vein. The Canaud catheter was evaluated both from the point of view of practical use and for various technical and clinical problems.

[Permanent central venous catheters for dialysis. The situation in Piedmont-Aosta Valley].

Background: Permanent central venous catheters for hemodialysis have become increasingly important as vascular accesses for extracorporeal dialysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and various aspects of these catheters in the chronic dialysis population in Piedmont and Aosta Valley on 30-6-1998 using a multiple-choice questionnaire.

Methods: A total of 2389 patients were receiving chronic hemodialysis.

[Temporary dialysis access in patients with acute renal failure. Protocols of the dialysis centers in the Piedmont and Valled'Aosta].

Background: A retrospective study was performed using a multiple-choice questionnaire in order to analyse the normal procedures and trends regarding the insertion and management of emergency dialysis access in patients with acute renal failure in 23 Centres in Piedment and the Aosta Valley, regions in the north of Italy with about 4.5 million inhabitants.

Methods: The observation period ran from January 1996 to July 1997.

Correlations between bone histopathology and serum biochemistry in uremic patients on chronic hemodialysis.

To define which noninvasive investigations are of value in predicting bone histology, we analyzed transiliac bone specimens (66 biopsies, 14 autopsies) from 80 uremic patients on chronic dialysis. Results were compared with values of different measurements of parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (APH), osteocalcin, calcitonin, baseline and post-deferroxamine (DFO) aluminium (Al),--beta 2 microglobulin, ferritin and bone mineral density. Among histomorphometric parameters, woven osteoid, active osteoblastic surface and resorption surface showed the best correlations with dynamic and biochemical marks of active bone metabolism.

[Permanent vascular catheters for extracorporeal dialysis. Preliminary study: Canaud and Tesio catheters].

The use of alternative permanent vascular accesses has recently become increasingly common. The possibility of using the catheterization of central venous vessels has therefore been taken into consideration, in particular the internal jugular vein. During an observation period of 32 months the catheterization of the internal jugular vein (IJV) was used as a definitive access in 34 patients (12 M, 22 F; mean age 67.