Phosphorylation of FOXO Proteins as a Key Mechanism to Regulate Their Activity.

Phosphorylation of FOXO transcription factors is one of the key mechanisms involved in the regulation of the activity, nucleo-cytosolic shuttling, and stability of this family of proteins. Here we describe several experimental approaches allowing analysis of changes in the phosphorylation of these proteins upon exposure to different stimuli.

Successful generation of fully human, second generation, anti-CD19 CAR T cells for clinical use in patients with diverse autoimmune disorders.

Background: B-cell targeting chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies, which lead to profound B-cell depletion, have been well-established in hematology-oncology. This deep B-cell depletion mechanism has prompted the exploration of their use in B-cell driven autoimmune diseases. We herein report on the manufacturing of KYV-101, a fully human anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy, derived from patients who were treated across a spectrum of autoimmune diseases.

Disorders of puberty and neurodevelopment: A shared etiology?

The neuroendocrine control of puberty and reproduction is fascinatingly complex, with up- and down-regulation of key reproductive hormones during fetal, infantile, and later childhood periods that determine the correct function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and the timing of puberty. Neuronal development is a vital element of these processes, and multiple conditions of disordered puberty and reproduction have their etiology in abnormal neuronal migration or function. Although there are numerous documented cases across multiple conditions wherein patients have both neurodevelopmental disorders and pubertal abnormalities, this has mostly been described ad hoc and the associations are not clearly documented.