Allergy, Anaphylaxis, and Nonallergic Hypersensitivity: IgE, Mast Cells, and Beyond.

IgE-mediated type I hypersensitivity reactions have many reported beneficial functions in immune defense against parasites, venoms, toxins, etc. However, they are best known for their role in allergies, currently affecting almost one third of the population worldwide. IgE-mediated allergic diseases result from a maladaptive type 2 immune response that promotes the synthesis of IgE antibodies directed at a special class of antigens called allergens.

Rab44 regulates murine mast cell-driven anaphylaxis through kinesin-1-dependent secretory granule translocation.

Background: Mast cells (MCs) are key effectors of the allergic response. Following the cross-linking of IgE receptors (FcεRIs), they release crucial inflammatory mediators through degranulation. Although degranulation depends critically on secretory granule (SG) trafficking toward the plasma membrane, the molecular machinery underlying this transport has not been fully characterized.

Vocational training for unemployed youth in Latvia.

We analyze the effectiveness of a vocational training (VT) programme targeting unemployed youth in Latvia, contributing to the scant literature on active labour market policies in transition countries. The programme we analyse is part of the Youth Guarantee scheme (2014-2020), the largest action launched by the European Union to combat youth unemployment after the 2008 financial crisis. Although the programme was targeted to youths aged between 15 and 29, priority was given to those younger than 25 years of age.