The Emerging Pro-Algesic Profile of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 4.

Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) channels are Ca-permeable non-selective cation channels which mediate a wide range of physiological functions and are activated and modulated by a diverse array of stimuli. One of this ion channel's least discussed functions is in relation to the generation and maintenance of certain pain sensations. However, in the two decades which have elapsed since the identification of this ion channel, considerable data has emerged concerning its function in mediating pain sensations.

Hospital preparedness for mass gathering events and mass casualty incidents in Matera, Italy, European Capital of Culture 2019.

Introduction: Mass Casualty Incidents (MCI) may occur during Mass Gathering Events (MGE). A failure to prepare and train the health care system for potential MCI, can cause chaos and delays in the response, leading to an increased morbidity and mortality. Education and training of staff are crucial for preparedness.

Effect of cooking temperature on cooked pasta quality and sustainability.

Background: Everyday pasta cooking has a large environmental impact. The aims of this work were to assess the effect of cooking temperatures (T ) that were lower than the water boiling point (T ) on the main chemico-physical quality parameters of two pasta shapes (i.e.