Hyperglycaemia in vitro alters the proliferation and mitochondrial activity of the choriocarcinoma cell lines BeWo, JAR and JEG-3 as models for human first-trimester trophoblast.

Aims/hypothesis: Early intrauterine growth delay in diabetes could be caused by a reduced growth of the placenta. Our study investigates whether hyperglycaemia in vitro reduces trophoblast proliferation.

Methods: First-trimester trophoblast cell models (BeWo, JAR and JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells) were cultured for 24 and 48 h with 5.

Differential regulation of endothelin secretion and endothelin receptor mRNA levels in JAR, JEG-3, and BeWo choriocarcinoma cell lines and in human trophoblasts, their nonmalignant counterpart.

Endothelin (ET) secretion and expression of both ET-A and ET-B receptor subtypes have been found in a number of primary cancers. The present study tested (1) whether choriocarcinoma cells and their nonmalignant counterpart, the trophoblast, secrete ET-1 and express ET-A and ET-B receptors; (2) whether ET-1 secretion and receptor mRNA levels are regulated by the same factors in nonvascular tissues as in vascular tissues; and (3) whether such regulation is similar in malignant and nonmalignant cells. All cells secreted ET-1 in similar amounts (approximately 0.

Self-regulation of the endothelin receptor system in choriocarcinoma cells.

The human trophoblast secretes endothelin-1 (ET-1) and expresses ET receptors. The present study tested whether the transformed BeWo, JAR and JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells: (1) secrete endothelin-1 (ET-1); (2) express both ET-A and ET-B receptor subtypes; and (3) have the potential to allow for autologous regulation of ET-receptor proteins. The cells were cultured for 24/48 h with or without 10% FCS and, in experiments on receptor regulation, with ET-1 (5-20 nM and 10 microM).

Endothelin A and B receptors change their expression levels during development of human placental villi.

Endothelin receptors have recently been found in non-vascular tissues including the human placenta. The present study investigated developmental changes in location and expression levels of endothelin A and B receptors (ETA-R, ETB-R) in human placentae and isolated trophoblast by comparing first and third trimester tissues. In the first trimester all cells and tissues were immunolabelled for ETA-R and ETB-R, whereas in third trimester placentae the syncytiotrophoblast (ETA-R, ETB-R) and macrophages (ETA-R) were unstained.

Paracrine regulation of distinct trophoblast functions in vitro by placental macrophages.

In view of the accumulating evidence for paracrine mechanisms regulating trophoblast function, we tested the hypothesis that placental macrophages affect trophoblast activity in a paracrine fashion. Trophoblast was isolated from 17 term placentas (-IP). One aliquot of cells was further immunopurified (+IP) using an HLA class I antibody.