Perspective on the status and behaviour of SARS-CoV-2 in soil.

Soil contamination by SARS-CoV-2 is highly probable because soil can collect several transporters of the virus, such as fallout aerosols, wastewaters, relatively purified sludges, and organic residues. However, the fate and status of SARS-CoV-2 in soil and the possible risks for human health through contaminated food are unknown. Therefore, this perspective paper discusses the challenges of determining the SARS-CoV-2 in soil and the mechanisms concerning its adsorption, movement, and infectivity in soil, considering what has already been reported by perspective papers published up to May 2021.

Oral Species in Systemic Sclerosis.

In systemic sclerosis (SSc), the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) plays a central role in the patient's quality of life. The microbiome populates the GIT, where a relationship between the and gastrointestinal motility has been suggested. In this study, the analysis of oral species in SSc patients and healthy subjects using culture-independent molecular techniques, together with a review of the literature on microbiota and lactobacilli in SSc, has been carried out.

The extracellular DNA can baffle the assessment of soil bacterial community, but the effect varies with microscale spatial distribution.

Environmental DNA is made-up of intracellular (iDNA) and extracellular (eDNA) pools. In soils, eDNA can be present up to 40% and could distort the assessment of living microorganisms. Distribution of microbial community is inconsistent among different size-aggregates, and the persistence and turnover of eDNA are thus uneven.

The accuracy and precision of insulin administration using human and veterinary pen-injectors and syringes for administration of insulin.

Background: Many diabetic dogs and cats require small doses of insulin that must be administered accurately.

Objectives: To compare the accuracy and precision of insulin syringes and pen-injectors.

Animals: None.

Preliminary evidences of the presence of extracellular DNA single stranded forms in soil.

The relevance of extracellular DNA (eDNA) in the soil ecosystem is becoming more and more evident to the scientific community by the progressive discovery of functions accompanying to natural gene transformation. However, despite the increased number of published articles dedicated to eDNA in soil, so far only few are focused on its single stranded form (eDNAss). The present paper is the first to investigate the quantitative relevance of eDNAss in the total soil eDNA pool, discriminating between its linear (eDNAssl) and circular (eDNAssc) forms and the respective weakly (wa) and tightly (ta) adsorbed fractions.