Unusual presentation of extra-nodal double-hit follicular lymphoma: a case report.

Background: To the best of our knowledge, this case represents the first report of an extranodal double-hit follicular lymphoma (DH-FL) as an intestinal polypoid lesion.

Case Presentation: A 72-year-old woman presents with constipation. Colonoscopy reveals a sessile polypoid lesion of the colon bearing morphological, immunohistochemical and molecular hallmarks of DH-FL.

Expansion of CD56-negative, CD16-positive, KIR-expressing natural killer cells after T cell-depleted haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

The main functions of natural killer (NK) cells are early protection against viruses or tumor cells and production of cytokines that regulate immune functions. The present study assessed the role of different NK subsets in exerting graft-versus-leukemia effects in recipients of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haploidentical hematopoietic transplants and monitored for the first time CD3-/CD56- lymphocyte expansion. CD3-/CD56- cells expressed NK cell-associated molecules, such as CD16, NKp46, NKp30, CD244 (2B4), CD161, and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors.

Preclinical characterization of 1-7F9, a novel human anti-KIR receptor therapeutic antibody that augments natural killer-mediated killing of tumor cells.

Inhibitory-cell killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) negatively regulate natural killer (NK) cell-mediated killing of HLA class I-expressing tumors. Lack of KIR-HLA class I interactions has been associated with potent NK-mediated antitumor efficacy and increased survival in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients upon haploidentical stem cell transplantation from KIR-mismatched donors. To exploit this pathway pharmacologically, we generated a fully human monoclonal antibody, 1-7F9, which cross-reacts with KIR2DL1, -2, and -3 receptors, and prevents their inhibitory signaling.

NCRs and DNAM-1 mediate NK cell recognition and lysis of human and mouse melanoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo.

NK cells use a variety of receptors to detect abnormal cells, including tumors and their metastases. However, in the case of melanoma, it remains to be determined what specific molecular interactions are involved and whether NK cells control metastatic progression and/or the route of dissemination. Here we show that human melanoma cell lines derived from LN metastases express ligands for natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs) and DNAX accessory molecule-1 (DNAM-1), two emerging NK cell receptors key for cancer cell recognition, but not NK group 2 member D (NKG2D).

Occurrence of diffuse, poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma during pegylated interferon plus ribavirin combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C.

Interferon therapy is indicated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C and prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma. We describe the case of a 66-year-old Italian woman who received pegylated interferon alpha-2a plus ribavirin combined therapy for HCV-related chronic liver disease. Preliminary hematochemical, ultrasound and bioptic investigations did not show liver cirrhosis or hepatocarcinoma.