Development of Prompt Templates for Large Language Model-Driven Screening in Systematic Reviews.

Background: Systematic reviews (SRs) are hindered by the initial rigorous article screen, which delays access to reliable information synthesis.

Objective: To develop generic prompt templates for large language model (LLM)-driven abstract and full-text screening that can be adapted to different reviews.

Design: Diagnostic test accuracy.

Integration of New Approach Methods for the Assessment of Data Poor Chemicals.

Use of new approach methods (NAMs), including high-throughput, in vitro bioactivity data, in setting a point-of-departure (POD) will accelerate the pace of human health hazard assessments. Combining hazard and exposure predictions into a bioactivity: Exposure ratio (BER) for use in risk-based prioritization and utilizing NAM-based bioactivity flags to indicate potential hazards of interest for further prediction or mechanism-based screening together comprise a prospective approach for management of substances with limited traditional toxicity testing data. In this work we demonstrate a NAM-based assessment case study conducted via the Accelerating the Pace of Chemical Risk Assessment (APCRA) initiative, a consortium of international research and regulatory scientists.

Continuous and Flash Glucose Monitoring in Adults at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Scoping Review.

Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and flash glucose monitoring (FGM) are widely used in diabetes management and increasingly being considered for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevention. This scoping review aims to summarize the literature published to date on CGM and FGM use in adults at risk of T2DM.

Methods: A systematic search of four databases (CINAHL, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library) was conducted, covering studies from 1985 to 2024.

Bridging imaging-based in vitro methods from biomedical research to regulatory toxicology.

Imaging technologies are being increasingly used in biomedical research and experimental toxicology to gather morphological and functional information from cellular models. There is a concrete opportunity of incorporating imaging-based in vitro methods in international guidelines to respond to regulatory requirements with human relevant data. To translate these methods from R&D to international regulatory acceptance, the community needs to implement test methods under quality management systems, assess inter-laboratory transferability, and demonstrate data reliability and robustness.

IARC Workshop on the Key Characteristics of Carcinogens: Assessment of End Points for Evaluating Mechanistic Evidence of Carcinogenic Hazards.

Background: The 10 key characteristics (KCs) of carcinogens form the basis of a framework to identify, organize, and evaluate mechanistic evidence relevant to carcinogenic hazard identification. The 10 KCs are related to mechanisms by which carcinogens cause cancer. The () programme has successfully applied the KCs framework for the mechanistic evaluation of different types of exposures, including chemicals, metals, and complex exposures, such as environmental, occupational, or dietary exposures.