Isolated trochlear nerve palsy: an atypical presentation of multiple sclerosis.

A 31-year-old woman presenting with vertical diplopia and history of paresthesia in her hands the previous year was found to have a trochlear nerve palsy. Computed tomography showed no acute intracranial pathology. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed several white matter lesions with a demyelinating pattern.

Ubiquitin proteomics identifies RNA polymerase I as a target of the Smc5/6 complex.

Ubiquitination controls numerous cellular processes, and its deregulation is associated with many pathologies. The Nse1 subunit in the Smc5/6 complex contains a RING domain with ubiquitin E3 ligase activity and essential functions in genome integrity. However, Nse1-dependent ubiquitin targets remain elusive.

Multiproxy characterization of sedimentary facies in a submarine sulphide mine tailings dumping site and their environmental significance: The study case of Portmán Bay (SE Spain).

Mining activities are essential to our society, but ore extraction and treatment produce waste that must be stored in safe places without harm to the environment. For a long time, seafloor disposal has been viewed as a cheap option with barely visible impacts. In Portmán Bay, SE of Spain, large amounts of tailings from open pit sulphide mining were discharged directly into the coastal sea over 33 years, thus forming a massive deposit that completely infilled the bay and expanded seawards over the inner continental shelf.

Tandem Mn-I Exchange and Homocoupling Processes Mediated by a Synergistically Operative Lithium Manganate.

Pairing lithium and manganese(II) to form lithium manganate [Li Mn(CH SiMe ) ] enables the efficient direct Mn-I exchange of aryliodides, affording transient (aryl)lithium manganate intermediates which in turn undergo spontaneous C-C homocoupling at room temperature to furnish symmetrical (bis)aryls in good yields under mild reaction conditions. The combination of EPR with X-ray crystallographic studies has revealed the mixed Li/Mn constitution of the organometallic intermediates involved in these reactions, including the homocoupling step which had previously been thought to occur via a single-metal Mn aryl species. These studies show Li and Mn working together in a synergistic manner to facilitate both the Mn-I exchange and the C-C bond-forming steps.

Sumoylation of Smc5 Promotes Error-free Bypass at Damaged Replication Forks.

Replication of a damaged DNA template can threaten the integrity of the genome, requiring the use of various mechanisms to tolerate DNA lesions. The Smc5/6 complex, together with the Nse2/Mms21 SUMO ligase, plays essential roles in genome stability through undefined tasks at damaged replication forks. Various subunits within the Smc5/6 complex are substrates of Nse2, but we currently do not know the role of these modifications.