Intraoperative Factors Associated With Mechanical Ventilation Duration Following Aortic Surgery.

Objectives: Prolonged postoperative mechanical ventilation is a common complication after major aortic surgery. The relationship between prolonged ventilation and intraoperative variables influenced by anesthesiologists, such as ventilation practices, fluid administration, and blood pressure control during major aortic surgery is unknown. We sought to identify perioperative factors, including intraoperative physiologic and anesthesia-related variables, which are associated with ventilation duration following aortic surgery.

The saponin monophosphoryl lipid A nanoparticle adjuvant induces dose-dependent HIV vaccine responses in non-human primates.

The induction of durable protective immune responses is the main goal of prophylactic vaccines, and adjuvants play a role as drivers of such responses. Despite advances in vaccine strategies, a safe and effective HIV vaccine remains a significant challenge. The use of an appropriate adjuvant is crucial to the success of HIV vaccines.

Biomembranes Based on Potato Starch Modified by Dry Heating Treatment: One Sustainable Strategy to Amplify the Use of Starch as a Biomaterial.

The exceptional biocompatibility of polymeric membranes drives their use in biomaterials, but structural modifications are needed to improve their mechanical properties. This study investigated dry heating treatment (DHT) as an ecofriendly and cost-effective approach to modifying potato starch for biomembrane fabrication. DHT-treated starch (2 h) produced biomembranes with a denser structure, smoother surfaces, and significantly improved mechanical properties, including higher tensile strength (∼6×), rigidity (∼15×), and relative crystallinity (∼2×) while reducing flexibility (∼5×), compared to native starch membranes.

Effects of carvedilol on the prevention of cardiotoxicity induced by anthracyclines: Design and rationale of the CARDIOTOX trial.

Background: Patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy with an anthracycline-based regimen are at increased risk of cardiotoxicity, predisposing to heart failure, arrhythmias and death. Whether carvedilol may confer benefit to prevent anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity remains to be determined.

Design: CARDIOTOX is a double-blind, placebo controlled randomized clinical trial that plan to enroll 1,018 patients across 25 study sites in Brazil.

Assessing diagnostic accuracy and monitoring of caries progression using optical coherence tomography (OCT): A systematic review.

Objectives: This systematic review analyzed studies concerning the effectiveness of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) in detecting and monitoring dental caries in enamel and dentin.

Data: Studies comparing the diagnostic accuracy of OCT in diagnosing caries clinically or using extracted teeth were included.

Sources: Databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Scopus were searched for clinical trials and studies conducted using human teeth between 2010 and 2024.